Dear Mayo Clinic: What is cardiac arrest? And how is it different from a heart attack?
It is sometimes called “sudden” because it seems to happen without warning. A person suddenly loses all heart activity, stops breathing and becomes unconscious. Without immediate treatment, sudden cardiac arrest can lead to death.There are two types of ways a person has a cardiac arrest. The first is when no electrical activity stimulates the top or bottom of the heart muscle to squeeze.
Cardiomyopathy. Cardiomyopathy means there is something wrong with the heart muscle itself. This condition can be genetic. A common form is called hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. The heart muscle is not normal and is thicker. Congenital heart defect. Sudden cardiac arrest in children or adolescents often is due to an electrical or structural heart problem that they’re born with. Adults with a prior surgical repair for a congenital heart defect have an increased risk of sudden cardiac arrest.
A cardiac arrest could happen wherever and whenever in life — in a mall, at school or work. If someone passes out, you want to ensure they are breathing, have a pulse, and their heart is pumping. If their heart is not pumping, then start emergent CPR. Push hard and fast on the person’s chest — about 100 to 120 pushes a minute.Often you will see AED machines hanging in hallways at a school, the office, in a restaurant or a stadium.
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