Key dates in the history of Zimbabwe.
At least 20,000 people are killed in operation “Gukurahundi”, a term in the majority Shona language, which translates loosely as “the early rain that washes away the chaff”.Mugabe’s Zimbabwe African National Union and Nkomo’s Zimbabwe’s African People’s Union merge to form ZANU-PF.
Five years later Tsvangirai suffers a fractured skull after being badly beaten by police in detention after being arrested as officers broke up a rally.In March 2008 with the economy in freefall and record hyperinflation, the opposition claims victory in presidential and parliamentary elections. The state withholds the results for a month before announcing a run-off for president between Mugabe and Tsvangirai, which the latter boycotts.Under pressure from Zimbabwe’s neighbours, Mugabe agrees to a power-sharing government with the MDC, in which Tsvangirai becomes prime minister in February 2009.After 37 years in power Mugabe, then aged 93, is deposed in November by the army after trying to position his unpopular wife Grace as his successor. He dies two years later in Singapore.
Army-backed vice president Emmerson Mnangagwa, nicknamed the “Crocodile” for his political cunning, takes over from Mugabe. He wins elections in July 2018 by a wafer-thin majority. The army kills six people after it is called in to quell demonstrations after the disputed vote.Mnangagwa is accused of emulating Mugabe’s tactics in January after a brutal military crackdown on nationwide demonstrations over a doubling of fuel prices.
Opposition campaigns are hampered through banned meetings and jailing of opponents by the government.
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