After becoming the first nation to land a spacecraft near the lunar south pole, India is setting its sights on the sun.
, which are bursts of electromagnetic radiation that often accompany CMEs but can also occur independently.
Magnetic reconnection hurls out solar plasma at speeds as great as 7 million mph — around 4,500 times faster than the top speed of a jet fighter. Aditya-L1 will look for the mechanisms that drive these solar phenomena, hunting for processes in the corona and in deeper layers of the sun.CMEs directed at Earth can reach our planet in as little as 15 to 18 hours, with slower clouds often taking days to reach us.
Aditya-L1 will study how this plasma changes during its journey from the sun to Earth. It will also make in-situ measurements of the plasma environment close to our planet, using its Aditya Solar wind Particle Experiment and the Plasma Analyser Package For Aditya .The charged particles blasted out by Earth-directed CMEs are channeled down our planet's magnetic field lines.
For example, the eruptions can spark powerful geomagnetic storms, which can affect satellites and even communication and power infrastructure here on Earth. So it's vital to understand space weather and the plasma environment of Earth, scientists say. Also important is the understanding of magnetic fields around our planet, which Aditya-L1 will study using its Advanced Tri-axial High-Resolution Digital Magnetometer instrument.
By observing the sun in certain wavelengths of light, scientists can see different features on the star's surface, like these coronal loops or flux ropes that carry hot material up off the surface.
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