Hair grays because pigment-producing cells get stuck within the hair follicle, research suggests.
Gray hair is an inevitable part of growing older. The chances of hair graying increase 10% to 20% every decade after age 30, the Library of Congress notes. By age 61 to 65, 91% of people will display some level of hair graying, according to Melissa Harris, an associate professor of biology at the University of Alabama at Birmingham.The color in hair, skin and eyes is largely the result of pigments known as melanins.
With age, melanocytes decrease in number. Less melanin results in gray hair, while no melanin leads to white hair, according to the Library of Congress.Melanocytes are generated by a small number of melanocyte stem cells within a niche in the hair follicle.
Specifically, the Nature study found that during the active phase of hair growth in mice, melanocyte stem cells moved toward the base of the hair follicle to mature into melanocytes. Surprisingly, later during hair growth, melanocytes migrated back up to their original niche in the hair follicle, where they reversed their maturation to become stem cells again. In mice, these cells could perform this yo-yo cycle of migration for at least two years, about the adult lifetime of the rodents.
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