A team of scientists has developed a novel way to measure variations in the Earth's rotation. In their paper published in the journal Nature Photonics, the team explains how their new approach works and how well it did when tested. Caterina Cimminelli and Giusepeppe Brunetti have published a News & Views piece in the same journal that discusses the main study's findings.
Instrumental design and observed sensitivity of the ring laser gyroscope G. a, The 4 × 4 m2 high-quality-factor ring laser cavity and the experimental layout is illustrated in a simplified block diagram. Four super mirrors rigidly fixed to a temperature-stable Zerodur base provide the necessary sensor stability. b, Photograph with the pressure-stabilizing vessel lifted up.
For many years, scientists have been attempting to improve on measures of the precision of the Earth's rotation—to more clearly describe the length of a given day. Making things more difficult is that the length of a given day depends on many factors, such as the pull of the moon,and which way the wind blows. Prior efforts to measure the length of a day has involved use of radio telescopes or signals sent by many facilities stationed on Earth.
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