The NSL (non-specific lethal) complex regulates thousands of genes in fruit flies and mammals. Silencing the NSL genes leads to the death of the organism, which gave the complex its curious name. Researchers have now discovered that the genes regulated by the NSL complex also include genes of the intraciliary transport system. This enables different cell types to form cilia on their surface, which are important for cell communication. The study shows that these genes are 'switched on' by the NSL complex, regardless of whether a particular cell has cilia or not. The researchers found that this class of cilia-associated genes is crucial for the function of podocytes. This is a highly specialized cell type of the kidney that, paradoxically, does not have cilia. These findings have important implications for ciliopathies and kidney disease.
The non-specific lethal complex is a chromatin-associated factor that has been shown to regulate the expression of thousands of genes in both fruit flies and mammals. Abrogation of the NSL genes leads to the death of the organism, and this phenotype gives rise to this complex's curious name. Max Planck researchers have now identified the NSL complex as a"master" epigenetic regulator of intraciliary transport genes across multiple cell types and species.
The proper assembly, maintenance, and function of cilia rely on a process called"intraciliary transport." Components of the intraciliary transport system"walk" on the microtubule to deliver cargo between the cell body and the ciliary tip to ensure a constant supply of materials. Mutation of genes encoding components within the intraciliary transport machinery could lead to ciliopathies.
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