Tuning plant phenotypes by precise, graded downregulation of gene expression
The ability to control gene expression and generate quantitative phenotypic changes is essential for breeding new and desired traits into crops. Here we report an efficient, facile method for downregulating gene expression to predictable, desired levels by engineering upstream open reading frames . We used base editing or prime editing to generate de novo uORFs or to extend existing uORFs by mutating their stop codons.
By combining these approaches, we generated a suite of uORFs that incrementally downregulate the translation of primary open reading frames to 2.5–84.9% of the wild-type level. By editing the 5′ untranslated region of, which encodes a member of the GRAS family and is involved in the brassinosteroid transduction pathway, we obtained, as predicted, a series of rice plants with varied plant heights and tiller numbers.
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