A new immunotherapy releases cancer-killing cytokines only within the tumor. Researchers at the University of California San Francisco (UCSF) have developed a new T cell-based immunotherapy that selectively targets cancer cells, producing a powerful anti-cancer cytokine specifically when it encount
Pancreatic cancer is a type of cancer that develops in the pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach that plays a crucial role in digestion and the regulation of blood sugar. Pancreatic cancer is often referred to as a “silent killer” because it often goes undetected until it has advanced and spread to other parts of the body. Symptoms of pancreatic cancer include jaundice, abdominal pain, weight loss, and blood clots.
“We’ve taken advantage of the ability of these cells to be local delivery agents and to crank out their T-cell amplifiers only when they recognize they’re in the right place,” said Wendell Lim, Ph.D., the Byers Distinguished Professor in cellular and molecular biology, director of the UCSF Cell Design Institute and senior author on the study. “I think this is a model for how we can use cell therapies to deliver many types of potent but toxic therapeutic agents in a much more targeted manner.
They chose to go after notoriously difficult-to-treat tumors, like those of the pancreas, ovary, and lung, that form nearly iron-clad barriers against T cells. “We were able to design these therapeutic cells to slip past the tumor’s defensive barriers. Once in the tumor, they could establish a foothold, and begin effectively killing cancerous cells,” said Allen. “We got on top of these tumors and in some cases cured them.”The approach owes its success to engineering a circuit in the cell that amplifies the immune response in a controlled way. This induces the cell to produce IL-2 only under the specific conditions it’s programmed to recognize.
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