Massive fires, such as those that raged in southeastern Australia in 2019–2020, might become more common with climate change. And that’s a problem for the ozone layer.
Towers of smoke that rose high into the stratosphere during Australia’s “black summer” fires in 2019 and 2020Chemist Peter Bernath of Old Dominion University in Norfolk, Va., and his colleagues analyzed data collected in the lower stratosphere during 2020 by a satellite instrument called the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment. It measures how different particles in the atmosphere absorb light at different wavelengths.
Such absorption patterns are like fingerprints, identifying what molecules are present in the particles., contained a variety of mischief-making organic molecules . The molecules, the team reports, kicked off a series of chemical reactions that altered the balances of gases in Earth’s stratosphere to a degree never before observed in 15 years of satellite measurements. That shuffle included boosting levels of chlorine-containing molecules that ultimately ate away at the ozone.
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