Age-related cognitive decline and changes in the brain.
By Dr. Chinta SidharthanOct 23 2023Reviewed by Lily Ramsey, LLM In a recent study published in Npj Aging, researchers reviewed existing knowledge about age-related cognitive decline and changes in the brain based on studies from rodent models and humans, covering a wide range of cognitive assessments from pen and paper tests to behavior paradigms based on virtual reality.
Furthermore, while age is a known risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease, the neurobiological changes resulting from cognitive deficits occur as a natural part of aging. They are substantially different from those observed in Alzheimer’s disease. The review did not examine the modifications associated with synaptic and molecular plasticity and instead discussed the major types of memory and the changes in various regions of the brain that correlate to altered cognitive function with age. They also discussed the methodologies employed to conduct age-related clinical trials.
Major findings The review examined the major memory types affected during aging and found that intelligence is classified into two major categories — crystallized and fluid intelligence. Numerous cognitive tests have been employed to study cognitive decline with age in humans and animal models. The simplest of these include questionnaire-based methods such as the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment to assess cognitive impairments and dementia.
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