Science, Space and Technology News 2024
Recent research shows that mitochondria regularly send DNA into brain cell nuclei, a process that can integrate with our chromosomes and possibly shorten our lifespan by impacting cellular functions.into the nucleus, potentially impacting lifespan, as those with more insertions were found to die earlier. Stress appears to accelerate this process, suggesting a new way mitochondria influence health beyond energy production.
“We used to think that the transfer of DNA from mitochondria to the human genome was a rare occurrence,” says Martin Picard, mitochondrial psychobiologist and associate professor of behavioral medicine at“It’s stunning that it appears to be happening several times during a person’s lifetime, Picard adds. “We found lots of these insertions across different brain regions, but not in blood cells, explaining why dozens of earlier studies analyzing blood DNA missed this phenomenon.
The insertions are called nuclear-mitochondrial segments—NUMTs —and have been accumulating in our chromosomes for millions of years. The realization that new inherited NUMTs are still being created made Picard and Mills wonder if NUMTs could also arise in brain cells during our lifespan. Their analysis showed that nuclear mitochondrial DNA insertion happens in the human brain—mostly in the prefrontal cortex—and likely several times over during a person’s lifespan.
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