So far it was believed that the relative amounts of rare earth elements in many flood basalts point to magma formation in the presence of low-pressure mantle minerals. 👇
The flood basalts in Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, originate from exceptionally deep mantle source.In, University of Helsinki and Aarhus University researchers explain that large magma eruptions have produced great floods of basalt lava on the continents during our planet’s history.
But he and his colleagues became curious about the occurrence of most flood basalts in regions where the African and Antarctic tectonic plates are thick rather than thin. The idea of an alternative hypothesis started forming after the team’s discovery of a type of flood basalt in Mozambique that shows compositional evidence for exceptionally high eruption temperatures.
The simulations supported their hypothesis by predicting the total consumption of garnet, a diagnostic mineral of high-pressure conditions, when mantle melting occurred at the high temperatures indicated by the flood basalts.
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