Opinion: nprscottsimon reflects on the 100th anniversary of the Negro National League, founded as a response to segregation in major league baseball.
Members of the Chicago American Giants pose for a team portrait in 1914 in Chicago. Billy"Little Corporal" Francis, Richard"Dick" Whitworth, Joseph Preston"Pete" Hill, Andrew"Rube" Foster, Bruce Petway, James"Pete" Booker, unidentified. Bill Gatewood, Jesse Barber , Leroy Grant, John Henry"Pop" Lloyd, Robert"Jude" Gans.Members of the Chicago American Giants pose for a team portrait in 1914 in Chicago.
Pro baseball began in the late 19th century, and established its own color lines as segregation laws took hold in the South after Reconstruction. Many American churches and schools in the north were unofficially but rigidly segregated, too.Andrew"Rube" Foster, who had been a great pitcher, and then an astute manager for the Chicago American Giants, saw possibilities as more Black people moved north in the Great Migration to work in factories.
In 1920, Rube Foster brought together the owners of six other African American clubs to begin the Negro National League. There were white men and women who owned teams with Black players. But Rube Foster insisted on Black ownership in his league. He was a businessman, to be sure, who took a cut of the gate receipts from every club, but often reached into his own wallet to help teams.
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