NASA Goddard Space Flight Center scientists ran 100 sophisticated simulations exploring jets — narrow beams of energetic particles — that emerge at nearly light speed from supermassive black holes. These behemoths sit at the centers of active, star-forming galaxies like our own Milky Way galaxy, and
Simulated black hole jets spin and sweep past in this animation. The jets, which contain particles moving near the speed of light, appear in orange, pink, and purple, while the galaxy’s environment – stars and gas clouds – are shown as green and yellow. As weak jets move through this environment, they can be deflected, split apart, or even suppressed. Because astronomers have a hard time observing weak jets directly, these simulations connect them to more easily detected galactic features.
“For our simulations, we focused on less-studied, low-luminosity jets and how they determine the evolution of their host galaxies,” Tanner said. He collaborated with X-ray Astrophysics Laboratory astrophysicist Kimberly Weaver on the computational study, which was published earlier this year inObservational evidence for jets and other AGN outflows first came from radio telescopes and later NASA and European Space Agency X-ray telescopes.
Centaurus A reveals particle jets extending far above and below the galaxy’s disk. Credit: ESO/WFI ; MPIfR/ESO/APEX/A.Weiss et al. ; and NASA/CXC/CfA/R. Kraft et al.
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