The CO2 battery has some advantages over lithium-ion batteries.
There’s a new CO2 battery in the energy game, and it just might be the assist turbines need to harness the full power of the wind. The technology uses carbon dioxide to store energy in the form of pressure and heat. It’s a relatively straightforward solution that gives the CO2 battery some more flexibility than more traditional alternatives, like lithium-ion batteries.
The two companies plan to run a feasibility study on a 20MW storage facility that can dispatch energy for at least 10 hours at a time at “one or more” Ørsted sites in Europe. If all goes well, construction on the first storage facility using Energy Dome’s CO2 battery could begin in 2024.It’s an early test of whether the CO2 batteries and wind turbines could become another iconic pair in renewable energy.
Long-duration storage is the endgame for a grid that runs on renewable energy. Wind and solar power can be fickle, depending on the weather. Solar panels need to soak up energy on sunny days and turbines need to make the most of strong gales before they weaken. The problem is that there isn’t much storage on the grid yet, which can hold excess solar and wind energy and then dispatch it when the sun sets and winds die down.
That’s where the CO2 battery could come in handy. Its sweet spot, when it comes to how long it can either store or dispatch power, is between four hours and a full day, says Spadacini. If it needs to, the CO2 battery can stretch that duration out to even a week or longer. That broad range means that the CO2 battery can go head-to-head against lithium-ion for solar energy storage — but it can potentially outcompete its rival for the longer-term needs of wind energy.
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