Charles Q. Choi is a contributing writer for Space.com and Live Science. He covers all things human origins and astronomy as well as physics, animals and general science topics. Charles has a Master of Arts degree from the University of Missouri-Columbia, School of Journalism and a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of South Florida. Charles has visited every continent on Earth, drinking rancid yak butter tea in Lhasa, snorkeling with sea lions in the Galapagos and even climbing an iceberg in Antarctica. Visit him at http://www.sciwriter.us
In the new research, scientists developed geophysical models based on geological, terrain and gravity data from Elysium Planitia. They found evidence that the entire area sits over a mantle plume — a column of hot rock ascending from deep within Mars to sear overlying material like a blowtorch. Broquet said this mantle plume formed about 930 miles below the surface, at the interface between the core of Mars and the mantle layer, which itself rests between the Martian core and crust.
The material in a mantle plume is buoyant compared to surrounding rock."It is lighter, so it floats and migrates upward, similar to what you can observe in a lava lamp, where heated oil rises up," Broquet said. "Not only there is young volcanism in this area, but we see that this volcanism is part of a recent resurgence in activity," Broquet said."Before about 100 million years ago, the last major activity in this region was nearly 3 billion years ago. So again, something must have happened to cause this volcanic resurgence, and that something is the mantle plume."
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