Exposure to higher levels of particulate air pollution is associated with higher systolic blood pressure among adolescents living in London, whereas nitrogen dioxide lowers their BP, according to a new analysis.
Exposure to higher levels of particulate air pollution is associated with higher systolic blood pressure among adolescents living in London, whereas nitrogen dioxide lowers their BP, according to a new analysis led by King’s College London and published inAir pollutant exposure generally has been linked with a greater risk of both cardiovascular and respiratory disease, as well as hospital visits, and death.
The team used sex-stratified, linear random-effects modelling to examine how modelled residential exposure to annual average nitrogen dioxide , particulate matter , and ozone might affect blood pressure in teenagers. Their estimates were based on a sample of 3284 adolescents recruited from 51 schools and followed from ages 11-13 and 14-16. Four-fifths of the children were from ethnic minority groups. Exposure estimates were based on annual mean levels of pollutants where each participant lived.
The team concluded that their study indicated: "Air pollution appears to have a considerable impact on BP during adolescence, and in girls more than boys." They noted that whilst they had originally hypothesised that long-term exposure to poor air quality would be associated with higher BP, in fact they found "a mixed picture, varying in direction by pollutant" and that "associations were significantly modified by sex".
"Further studies following the same adolescents over time in different socio-economic contexts are needed to understand whether and how exposure to higher pollutant concentrations may affect differently the cardiovascular health of children and adolescents."Blood pressure tracks from childhood to adulthood, the researchers cautioned. "Adverse impacts of air pollution in early life may track from childhood, with long lasting consequences over the life course.
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