A new climate study led by scientists at the University Miami Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science found that temperature fluctuations in the tropical Atlantic Ocean temperature are largely driven by human-induced aerosol emissions, impacting rainfall in West Africa's Sahel region and hurricane formation in the Atlantic.
, comes in a year when several hurricanes, including Hurricane Idalia, formed within days of each other over the tropical Atlantic.
"Our findings suggest the waxing and waning in Atlantic ocean temperature, hurricanes, and Sahel rainfall are largely driven by human-induced emissions," said the study's lead author Chengfei He, a postdoctoral researcher at the Rosenstiel School,"The novel results are hidden in the noise and can only be revealed by new techniques."climate model simulations
from climate centers worldwide. Like noise-canceling headphones, the technique showed the climate changes resulting from external forcings—a force on the climate system that mainly comes from human activities and volcanic eruptions. "For a long time, changes in the West African rainfall and Atlantic hurricanes were believed to be driven by natural cycles within the climate system, such as the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation," said study co-author Amy Clement, a professor of atmospheric sciences at the Rosenstiel School."Now we have found that the forced climate changes in our model simulations closely match the real-world observations seen in the tropical Atlantic.
The results from these simulations suggest that suppressed Atlantic hurricane activity and a drier Sahel in the decades following World War II were mostly driven by human-caused aerosol emissions. West Africa's Sahel region stretches south of the Saharan desert from the Atlantic to the Red Sea.
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