Medscape spoke with CDC’s Tim Uyeki about the rise in human H5N1 bird flu cases and Cara Drehoff about the response to a cluster of cases in Colorado poultry workers.
Chief Medical Officer, Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GeorgiaEpidemic Intelligence Service Officer, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, assigned to Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Denver, ColoradoIn September, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention announced the first human case of avian influenza A in the United States without known exposure to an infected animal.
2024 is the first time that dairy cow-to-human transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza A virus has been reported; to date, these sporadic cases have been identified in workers exposed to infected or presumably infected cows in Texas, Michigan, Colorado, and California in association with the ongoing multistate outbreak of A virus among dairy cattle. Sixteen of the 17 cases to date in dairy farm workers had conjunctivitis, and one case had acute respiratory illness symptoms.
People who have nonoccupational exposure to infected birds, poultry, wild birds, or other infected animals may also be at higher risk for infection in the US and worldwide. Historically, many human A cases have occurred in rural areas in other countries after unprotected exposures to sick or dead backyard poultry.
We were notified that some of the workers at the first facility had some symptoms that were consistent with influenza A, which was concerning because of their potential exposure to the A virus. We ended up conducting a series of site visits to both facilities to screen workers for symptoms, offer clinical testing, and provide empirical treatment with oseltamivir owing to exposure. In total, we talked to overand identified 109 who reported symptoms.
That’s exactly what happened in the Missouri case. This person had chronic medical conditions and was hospitalized with gastrointestinal symptoms, chest pain, and no respiratory symptoms — atypical for seasonal influenza or A virus infection — and no occupational exposure to animals.
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