JWST astronomers have found more than 15 galaxies shining within the first half-billion years of the 13.7-billion-year-old universe—leaving theorists scratching their heads.
. Modeling suggested the patch of sky they were examining would hold just 0.2 galaxies—none, in other words, unless they got lucky. Yet out of the images popped not one, but two bright galaxies. “That was the biggest surprise to me,” she says.have found more than 15 galaxies shining within the first half-billion years
Instead, cosmologists wonder whether the excess of galaxies in the newborn universe is more apparent than real. It could be that surveys so far have, by chance, zoomed in on areas dense with galaxies. The apparent excess could also arise if the galaxies are merely overly bright and stuffed with stars, so more of them poke above the threshold that JWST can see.
Andrea Ferrara of the Scuola Normale Superiore in Pisa, Italy, takes a different tack. He says the dense galaxies of the early universe would ramp up star formation in cycles that repeat every 100 million years. During the star-forming phases, the radiation pressure from the stars would blast out dust, making the galaxies appear bright and blue.
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