Antibiotics have been losing efficacy against some pathogens as bacteria become resistant to the drugs – but impairing fatty acid production in bacteria increases their susceptibility to antibiotics
resistant to colistin, whereas it was 0.5 or greater for all non-resistant bacteria. This indicates that preventing biotin production increases susceptibility to antibiotics, but only in bacteria resistant to the drugs.
“Biotin, it turns out, is essential in bacteria for one reason, and that’s to serve as a co-factor in fatty acid synthesis,” says Brown. Genetic analysis revealed that colistin-resistant bacteria have alterations in genes related to fatty acid production. These changes prevent colistin from adhering to cell membranes. As such, impairing fatty acid production should increase the susceptibility of antibiotic-resistant bacteria to colistin., a bacterium that causes pneumonia. Equal numbers of mice received either colistin, a drug that prevents fatty acid synthesis or both.
However, drugs inhibiting fatty acids aren’t currently available for humans. “Certainly, the biggest limitation is that no one can act on this information straight away,” says Brown.
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