Could This Supermassive Black Hole Only Have Formed by Direct Collapse? - by briankoberlein
Nearly every galaxy in the universe contains a supermassive black hole. Even galaxies that are billions of light years away. This means supermassive black holes form early in the development of a galaxy. They are possibly even the gravitational seeds around which a galaxy forms. But astronomers are still unclear about just how these massive gravitational beasts first appeared.
There are two broad ideas. The first, known as the light seed model, is that massive stars in the dense central region of a new galaxy lived their short lives and died to become black holes, then those stellar-mass black holes gradually merged, building up to a supermassive black hole over time.
The second model would explain why we see so many large black holes in young galaxies, but it also violates what is known as the. As matter collapses to form a star or black hole, it also heats up, and the resulting light and pressure push back against gravity. Gravity wins in the end, but it takes time. The first model doesn’t violate the Eddington limit, but it doesn’t explain how early black holes grew so massive so quickly.
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