A new study reveals that early-onset cancers in adults under 50 years old have 'dramatically increased' worldwide over the last few decades.
reveals that cases of early-onset cancers in adults under 50 years old have "dramatically increased" worldwide over the last few decades. This drastic rise began around 1990, and the risk appears to increase with each generation. People born in 1960, for example, have a higher risk of developing cancer before they turn 50 than those born in 1950.
"From our data, we observed something called the birth cohort effect. This effect shows that each successive group of people born at a later time have a higher risk of developing cancer later in life, likely due to risk factors they were exposed to at a young age," explains Shuji Ogino, MD, Ph.D., a professor and physician-scientist in the Department of Pathology at the Brigham.
To better understand, the team further searched for available studies that examined trends of possible risk factors, including early life exposures in the general population.early-onset cancersThe extensive review concluded that factors like diet, lifestyle, environmental exposures, and microbiome had changed substantially over the past few decades, which may contribute to this early-onset cancer epidemic..
The study is far from conclusive. Researchers didn't have much data from low- and middle-income countries to identify trends in. It's also imperative that future long-term studies include young children and track their health outcomes for at least a few decades. In the future, the team will collect more data and collaborate with international research institutes to better monitor global trends. "Without such studies, it's difficult to identify what someone having cancer now did decades ago or when one was a child," says Ugai.
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