Science, Space and Technology News 2023
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“The western half is exposed to warm water, which can rapidly erode the ice shelves from below, whereas much of East Antarctica is currently protected from nearby warm water by a band of cold water at the coast.”Antarctica is a vast continent — 50 times the size of the UK — and the seas on the western side experience different currents and winds than on the east, and this is driving warmer water underneath the ice shelves on the western flank.
Ice shelves float on the seas surrounding Antarctica and are extensions to the ice sheet that covers much of the continent. The ice shelves act as giant “plugs” at the end of glaciers, slowing down the flow of ice draining into the oceans. In contrast, the Amery Ice Shelf — on the other side of Antarctica — gained 1.2 trillion tonnes of ice. It is surrounded by much colder waters.The researchers analyzed over 100,000 satellite radar images to produce this major assessment of the “state of the health” of the ice shelves.
“Many of the ice shelves have deteriorated a lot: 48 lost more than 30% of their initial mass over just 25 years.“The study provides a baseline measure from which we can see further changes that may emerge as the climate gets warmer.”Information about what is happening in Antarctica in recent years has largely come from the CryoSat-2 and Sentinel-1 satellites, which can monitor Antarctica even when it is cloudy and through the long polar nights.
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