Poor spelling and grammar that can help identify fraudulent attacks being rectified by artificial intelligence
However, a basic flaw in some phishing attempts – poor spelling and grammar – is being rectified by artificial intelligence chatbots, which can correct the errors that trip spam filters or alert human readers.
“Every hacker can now use AI that deals with all misspellings and poor grammar,” says Corey Thomas, chief executive of the US cybersecurity firm Rapid7. “The idea that you can rely on looking for bad grammar or spelling in order to spot a phishing attack is no longer the case. We used to say that you could identify phishing attacks because the emails look a certain way. That no longer works.
Data from cybersecurity experts at the UK firm Darktrace suggests that phishing emails are increasingly being written by bots, letting criminals overcome poor English and send longer messages that are less likely to be caught by spam filters. Since ChatGPT went mainstream last year, the overall volume of malicious email scams picked up by Darktrace’s monitoring apparatus has dropped, but the linguistic complexity of those emails has increased sharply. That suggests that a meaningful number of scammers drafting phishing and other malicious emails have gained some ability to draft longer, more complex prose, says Max Heinemeyer, the company’s chief product officer – most likely an LLM like ChatGPT or similar.
“Even if somebody said, ‘don’t worry about ChatGPT, it’s going to be commercialised’, well, the genie is out of the bottle,” Heinemeyer said. “What we think is having an immediate impact on the threat landscape is that this type of technology is being used for better and more scalable social engineering: AI allows you to craft very believable ‘spear-phishing’ emails and other written communication with very little effort, especially compared to what you have to do before.
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