150 years ago, Chinese railroad workers staged the era's largest labor strike

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150 years ago, Chinese railroad workers staged the era's largest labor strike
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“Everybody knows Chinese worked on the railroad, there’s a paragraph in every textbook... But that’s about all they know, and that’s what we’re trying to correct,” Hilton Obenzinger, Assoc. director of the Chinese Railroad Workers in North America Project.

The Chinese railroad workers were grading and digging tunnels across a stretch of the Sierras when they decided to lay down their tools. It was the end of June 1867 and snow still covered the mountain tops.

Chinese laborers made up a majority of the Central Pacific workforce that built out the transcontinental railroad east from California. The rails they laid eventually met track set down by the Union Pacific, which worked westward.Hiring Chinese began as an experiment after a January 1865 advertisement seeking 5,000 laborers netted only a few hundred, Obenzinger said.

But Strobridge yielded and the Central Pacific tested out 50 Chinese workers in 1865, Obenzinger said. They were among the 50,000 to 60,000 Chinese living in California that year, hailing from Sacramento, San Francisco, and the gold-mining towns of the Sierra Nevada, according to Obenzinger. A letter from Leland Stanford, former governor of California and president Central Pacific, requesting additional labor to work on rail lines.By contrast, the Union Pacific had no Chinese and was overwhelmingly Irish, according to Obenzinger.

When the strike went down on June 25, 1867, some 5,000 Chinese were at work between the California towns of Cisco and Truckee, just west of the Nevada border.“They went to their camp and they sat,” Obenzinger said. “Crocker was amazed. He reported that if there had been that number of white laborers on strike, it would’ve been impossible to control them.”“They felt if they did concede, the Chinese would be bossing them,” Obenzinger added.The strike was also cutting into profits.

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